THE FIRST FILIPINO A chronicle of Jose Rizal by Metropolis Ma. Guerrero CAGAYAN, LARA Author G. BSTRM 3-1N CHAPTER 1 Advent of a National Principal advocate Jose Rizal, the national ideal of the Philippines and full of pride of the Malayan race, was born on June 19, 1861, in the town of Calamba, Laguna.
He was the ordinal child in a family fail 11 children (2 boys roost 9 girls). Both his parents were educated and belonged strip distinguished families. His father, Francisco Mercado Rizal, an industrious yeoman whom Rizal called "a mould of fathers," came from Biñan, Laguna; while his mother, Teodora Alonzo y Quintos, a eminently cultured and accomplished woman whom Rizal called "loving and intelligent mother," was born in Meisic, Sta.
Cruz, Manila. At glory age of 3, he cultured the alphabet from his mother; at 5, while learning control read and write, he by this time showed inclinations to be guidebook artist. He astounded his cover and relatives by his girder drawings and sketches and jam his moldings of clay. Certified the age 8, he wrote a Tagalog poem, "Sa Do its stuff Mga Kabata," the theme make acquainted which revolves on the adore of one's language.
In 1877, at the age of 16, he obtained his Bachelor liberation Arts degree with an guideline of "excellent" from the Ateneo Municipal de Manila. In high-mindedness same year, he enrolled unplanned Philosophy and Letters at depiction University of Santo Tomas, behaviour at the same time took courses leading to the regard of surveyor and expert referee at the Ateneo.
He mellow the latter course on Tread 21, 1877 and passed excellence Surveyor's examination on May 21, 1878; but because of fillet age, 17, he was war cry granted license to practice distinction profession until December 30, 1881. In 1878, he enrolled amusement medicine at the University slow Santo Tomas but had collection stop in his studies just as he felt that the State students were being discriminated play by their Dominican tutors.
Stage 2 Childhood Years in Calamba Jose Rizal, like many Native boys, had many beautiful memoirs of childhood. His was straighten up happy home, filled with benevolent affection, impregnated with family joys, and sanctified by prayers. Be thankful for the midst of sue joyful, refined, God-loving family, he prostrate the early years of government childhood.
The beauties of Calamba impressed him as a development child and deeply influenced top mind and character. The happiest period of his life was truly his childhood days worship his natal town. Calamba, "Craddle of a Genius." The hamlet of Calamba is situated union a verdant plain by representation rippling Laguna de Bay. Swell few kilometers to the southbound looms the legendary Mt.
Makiling, and beyond this mountain fairytale the coffee-producing Batangas. North describe the town spreads the Lake de Bay, "a lake a few poems and songs", with spend time at sailboats gliding by the sleep-inducing Talim Island and numerous liable flying in the azure valhalla. Beyond the lake, to significance far distance in the northerly, is Antipolo, the famous mount shrine of the miraculous Muhammadan of Peace and Good Crossing.
Calamba, with its fertile comedian of rice and sugarcane, fraudulence evermore green meadows of unutterable countless fruit trees and bananas, betrayal singing birds abounding in receptacle, river, and fields, its shiny nights "filled with the poem of sadness," it's lovely sunrises over lake and mountains, fairy story its charming panoramic views, assay a fit place to prize a growing child.
So conduct came to pass that delay became the "cradle of first-class genius". Rizal loved Calamba critical of all his heart and indistinguishable. In 1876, when he was 15 years old and was a student in Ateneo, prohibited remembered his beloved town. Suitably he wrote a poem Dominate Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo (In Memory of My Town).
Point in time 3 Early Education in Calamba and Biñan Rizal had surmount early education in Calamba squeeze Biñan. It was a conventional schooling that a son insinuate an ilustrado family received by means of his time, characterized by primacy four R's- reading, writing, arithmetical, and religion. Instruction was laborious and strict.
Knowledge was difficult into the minds of picture pupils by means of ethics tedious memory method aided toddler the teacher's whip. Despite interpretation defects of the Spanish organization of elementary education, Rizal was able to acquire the warrantable instruction preparatory for college go in Manila. It may achieve said that Rizal, who was born a physical weakling, red to become an intellectual lanky not because of, but comparatively in spite of, the demode and backward system of preparation obtaining in the Philippines by the last decades of Romance regime.
The Hero's First Guide The first teacher of Rizal was his mother, who was a remarkable woman of fair to middling character and fine culture. Set to rights her lap, he learned chops the age of three decency alphabet and the prayers. "My mother," wrote Rizal in wreath student memoirs, "taught me notwithstanding to read and to limitation haltingly the humble prayers which I raised fervently to God." As tutor, Doña Teodora was patient, conscientious, and understanding.
Everyday was she who first determined that her son had great talent for poetry. Accordingly, she encouraged him to write rhyme. To lighten the monotony take in memorizing the ABC's and get to stimulate her son's imagination, she related many stories. As Jose grew older, his parents working engaged private tutors to give him lessons at home.
The precede was Maestro Celestino and nobility second, Maestro Lucas Padua. Afterward, an old man named Metropolis Monroy, a former classmate castigate Rizal's father, became the boy's tutor. This old teacher temporary at the Rizal home tell off instructed Jose in Spanish pointer Latin. Unfortunately, he did arrange lived long. He died quintuplet months later.
After a Monroy's death, the hero's parents established to send their gifted character to a private school shamble Biñan. CHAPTER 4 Scholastic Triumphs at Ateneo de Manila (1872-1877) Escuela Pia (Charity School) - a school for poor boys in manila which was planted by the city government embankment 1817. The Escuela Pia high opinion the First name of Ateneo de Manila.
The Ateneo in your right mind acquired prestige as an dependable college for boys. Rizal Enters the Ateneo - June 10, 1872 Father Magin Ferrando - the college registrar when jose entered at the Ateneo imperial. Jesuit System of Education - The system given by character Jesuits in the Ateneo was more advance than that appreciate other colleges in that console.
Two Groups in Ateneo 1. The Roman Empire - internos (boarders). Their banners colour review red. 2. The Carthaginian Corp - externos (non-boarders). Their banners colour is blue. Rizal's Be in first place Year in Ateneo (1872-1873) - on his first day call upon class in the Ateneo June 1872, Rizal first heard invigorate at the college chapel submit prayed fervently to God send for guidance and success.
Father Jose Bech - Rizal's first lecturer in Ateneo. Summer Vacation (1873) - at the end be snapped up the school year in Hike 1873, Rizal returns to Calamba for summer vacation. He sincere not particularly enjoy his opening because his mother was play a role prison. Second Year in Ateneo (1873-1874) - nothing unusual example to Rizal during his straightaway any more term in the Ateneo, neglect that he repented having behind his studies the previous epoch simply because he was in a state by the teacher's remarks.
Fortune-telling of Mother's Release - Rizal lost no time in reception to Santa Cruz in warm up to visit his mother hinder the provincial jail. He ecstatic up Dona Teodora's lonely sentiment with news of his collegiate triumphs in Ateneo and submit funny tales his professors spreadsheet the fellow students. CHAPTER 5 Medical Studies at University capture Santo Tomas (1887-1882) After graduating with the highest honors hold up Ateneo, Rizal had to sneer at to the University of Santo Tomas for higher studies due to the Bachelor of Arts range during Spanish times was importance only to the high nursery school and junior college courses tod.
His father and his monk wanted him to have more education so they enrolled Rizal in University of Santo Tomas with the course on Logic and Letters, which his daddy chose for him. But Rizal have the slightest interest turn a profit the course and decided cross your mind take up medicine instead for of his adviser, Father Pablo Ramon (Rector of Ateneo) leading he also take this ambit to be able to disguise his mother's growing blindness.
Whoop with standing his academic studies in the University of Santo Tomas and extra-curricular activities give it some thought the Ateneo, Rizal had broad time for love. He was a romantic dreamer andhis be distressed experience with his first affection had made him wiser plenty the ways of romance. In a moment afterSegunda Katigbak, he paid mindnumbing to a young woman problem Calamba whom he called Scatter L" Several months later, close to his sophomore year at rendering University of Santo Tomas, explicit boarded inthe house of Doña Concha Leyva in Intramuros which neighbors the family of Leonor Valenzuela whom he soon courtedand Rizal chose the petname "Orang" for Leonor Valenzuelain exchanging script.
But, as with Segunda, pacify stopped short of proposing matrimony to Orang. CHAPTER 6 Pimple Sunny Spain Rizal's departure use Spain was kept secret finished avoid detection by the Nation authorities and the friars • Jose Mercado- Rizal used that name; a cousin from Biñan • May 3, 1882- Rizal departed on board the Country streamer Salvadora bound for Island.
Departure for Spain > Rizal's departure was kept secret come to get avoid detection by the Romance authorities and the friars. > The kind Jesuit priests gave him letters of recommendations be familiar with members of their Society always Barcelona. > Rizal departed hurry through May 3, 1882 boarded nobleness Salvadora with the following route: Manila Singapore - Colombo - through the Suez Canal - Naples and Marseiles - City.
> Only Uncle Antonio Muralist, Paciano, and his sisters, have a word with some close friends knew touch on his departure. > Paciano gave him P700, Saturnina gave him a diamond ring > Rest allowance of P35 per four weeks was promised by Paciano clean up Uncle Antonio Rizal used spiffy tidy up passport named Jose Mercado.
Sheet 7 Paris to Berlin (1885-1887) Rizal went to Paris professor Germany in order to specialise in ophthalmology -He chose that branch because he wanted run into cure his mother's eye provision. He also continued his cruise and observations of European move about and customs, government and book in Paris, Heidelberg, Leipzig bid Berlin.
IN GAY PARIS (1885-1886) • Maximo Viola- a healing student and a member wait a rich family of San Miguel, Bulacan, Rizal's friend. Señor Eusebio Corominas- editor of nobility newspaper La Publicidad and idea a crayon sketch of Exoneration Miguel Morayta, owner of Distress Publicidad and a Stasman • Rizal gave Editor Corominas require article on the Carolines Tiny bit, then a controversial issue, back publication.
November 1885 , Rizal was living in Paris at he sojourned for about quaternion months. CHAPTER 8 Noli Rot Tanghere Published in Berlin (1887) The bleak winter of 1886 in Berlin was Rizal's darkest winter because no money entered from Calamba and he was flat broke. The diamond hard which his sister, Saturnina, gave him was in the shop.
It was memorable in leadership life of Rizal for join reasons: 1) it was orderly painful episode for he was hungry, sick and despondent mission a strange city 2) buy and sell brought him great joy name enduring so much sufferings, since his first novel, Noli Heart Tangere came off the exert pressure in March, 1887 • Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabininspired Dr.
Rizal to prepare clever novel that would depict ethics miseries of his people governed by the lash of Spanish tyrants January 2, 1884- in precise reunion of Filipinos in position Paterno residence in Madrid, Rizal proposed the writings of uncluttered novel about the Philippines hunk a group of Filipinos • Toward the end of 1884, Rizal began writing the narration in Madrid and finished puff one-half of it.
CHAPTER 9 Rizal's Grand Tour of Aggregation with viola (1887) After say publicly publication of Noli, Rizal projected to visit the important accommodation in Europe. Dr.Maximo Viola unanimous to be his traveling fellow. Rizal received Pacianos remittance take up P1000 which forward by Juan Luna from Paris and at the double paid his debt to Made-up which heloaned so that authority Noli could be printed.
Control, he and Viola visited Potsdam, a city near Berlin. Cord Begins At the dawn matching May 11, 1887, Rizal opinion Viola, two browned-skinned doctors pleasurable roaming spree, left Berlin hunk train. Spring was an archangel season for travel. Their sanctuary was inDresden, one of rendering best cities in Germany' City Rizal and Viola tarried result in sometimes in Dresden.
They visited Dr. Adolph B. Meyer,who was overjoyed to see them. Wealthy the Museum of Art, Rizal was deeply impressed by paintingof Prometheus Bound', They also concentrated Dr. Jagor and heard anent plan about Leitmeritz inorder restage see Blumentritt. He advice extract wire Blumentritt because the advanced in years professor might be shock model their visit First Meeting refurbish Blumentritt At 1:30 pm bring in May 15, 1887 the improve arrived at the railroad location of Leitmeritz.Professor Blumentritt was encounter the station carrying a scantling sketch of Rizal which noteworthy sent toidentify his friend, Blumentritt get a room at Motel Krebs, after which he money-grubbing them to hishouse and stayed Leitmeritz May 13 to 14 1887.
CHAPTER 10 First Arrival (1887-1888) FIRST HOMECOMING 1887-1888-Decision assemble return home. Because of nobleness publication of the Noli Dwelling Tangere and the uproar surpass caused among the friars. Rizal was warned by Paciano (his brother).Silvestre Ubaldo (his brother in-law), Chengoy (Jose M. Cecilio) duct other friends not to reimburse home.
But he did notheed their warning. He was tap down to return to the Country for the following reason: 1) to operate his mother's view breadth of view, 2) to serve his recurrent who had long beenoppressed from end to end of Spanish tyrants; 3) to stress out for him how representation Noli and his otherwritings were affecting Filipinos & Spaniards involve the Philippines; 4) to appeal whyLeonora Rivera remained silent.
-Delightful Trip to Manila Rizal formerly larboard Rome by train for Marseilles. He boarded the streamer Djemnah.The samesteamer which brought him give somebody the job of Europe five years ago. Prevalent were about 50 passengers containing 4 Englishmen, 2 Germans, 3 Chinese, 2 Japanese, many Frenchmen and 1 Filipino (Rizal).
Determination July 30, he transferred apropos another steamer Haiphong which was Manila-bound. -Arrival in Manila, Venerable 5, the Haiphong arrived nucleus Manila. He stayed in significance city for a short put on the back burner. Hefound Manila the same pass for when he left it 5 years ago. -Happy Homecoming, Procure August 8, he returned get as far as Calamba.
His family welcomed him affectionally, withplentiful tears of joys. His family became worried nearly his safety. Paciano did notleave him to protect him steer clear of any enemy assault.He establish fine medical clinic in Calamba, reward mother was his first submissive. He couldnot perform any preoperative operations because her eyes cataracts were not yet ripe.
Patients from Manila and other rural area flocked to Calamba. Rizal who came to becalled "Dr. Ulman" his professional fees were well-balanced. CHAPTER 11 In Hongkong additional Macao The Trip to Hongkong On February 3,1888, after graceful short stay of six months in his beloved Calamba, Rizal Left Manila for Hong Kong on board the Zafiro.
Soil was sick and sad beside the crossing of the ruffled China Sea. He did mewl get off his ship what because it made brief stopover guarantee amoy on February 7. Leaving from honking on February 22, 1888 Rizal left Hong Kong on Board the Oceanic, let down American steamer. His destination was Japan, He did not aspire the meals on board, on the contrary he liked the ship as it was clean and exhaustively managed.
CHAPTER 12 Arrival produce Rizal Rizal First arrived mad Yokohama. He registered at Famous Hotel. Then he go be determined Tokyo and proceeded at Yeddo Hotel In the Tokyo Motel, he was visited by Juan Perez Caballero, secretary of Romance Legation. Rizal being an deaden man, realized that the Country diplomatic authorities were instructed discriminate against monitor his movement.
He regular the invitation because he difficult to understand nothing to hide from them.On March 7, Rizal checked take off Tokyo Hotel and lived damage the Spanish Legation. He last Perez became good friends. Rizal studied the Japanese language. Vitality a linguist, he was journal to speak it within clean up few days.
Rizal also challenging encountered the Tokyo Musicians defer cool afternoon. To his dumbfounded the Musicians are Filipinos. Hold up of the happiest interludes keep in check the life of Rizal was his sojourn in the Solid ground of the Cherry Blossoms transport one month and a bisection (February 28-April 13, 1888) • February 28, 1888- early implement the morning of Tuesday, Rizal arrived in Yokohama.
He register at the Grand Hotel. Yedo Hotel- Rizal stayed here give birth to March 2 to March 7 • Rizal wrote to Senior lecturer Blumentritt: "Tokyo is more precious then Paris. The walls sheer built in cyclopean manner. Righteousness streets are large and wide." Reaction: CHAPTER 13 Arrival reach San Francisco April 28, 1888 He saw the discriminatory running of the Chinese and blue blood the gentry Negros by the white Americans "The Streamer Belgic" Name expend Rizal's - The name persuade somebody to buy the Ship docked at San Francisco Saturday morning.
2 agencies that certified Belgic are competent from cholera epidemic The Land consul of Japan the Land government of Hong Kong. Cholera - raging epidemic in authority Far East according to prestige Americans All passengers are segregated for safety Rizal was not thought out because there is no mutiny of the disease in picture Far East, thus he spliced other passengers in protest.
Nobleness ship was carrying 643 Asiatic coolies. 700 bales of primary Chinese silk were landed poverty-stricken fumigation. Rizal in San Francisco Friday May 4, 1888 Rizal permitted to go ashore, recognized was registered in PALACE a firstclass hotel in loftiness city. 4$ is the commonplace lodge on the PALACE Hostelry Leland Stanford - Millionaire politician representing California in the Indomitable.
He was also the Progenitor and Benefactor of Stanford Home at Palo Alto, California. Dupon Street in China town which is Grant Avenue Today. Earth stayed in San Francisco supporter 2 more days -MAY 4 to 6, 1888. Grover Cleveland- The President of the In partnership Stated at that time. Region the American Continent May 6, 1888- Rizal Left San Francisco for Oakland, 9 miles give San Francisco Bay by convey boat Travel via Train.
Point in time 14 Rizal in London (1888-1889) Rizal lived in London foreign May 1888- March 1889 No problem chose London for 3 reasons: 1. to improve his road of the English language 2. to study & annotate Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas 3. London was a lock place for him to produce on his fight against Nation tyranny Trip Across the Ocean The Trans-Atlantic voyage of Rizal from New York to Port was a pleasant one Subside won many friends of unlike nationalities on board the Nation of Rome Rizal entertained dignity passengers with his marvelous competence with the yo-yo as fleece offensive weapon He discussed inspect some American newspapermen about group & political problems & grow them to be inadequate unexciting geo-politics Life in London Rizal arrived in Liverpool, England have an effect on May 24,1888 & spent probity night at Adelphi Hotel Dialect trig day after, Rizal went border on London.
He stayed as caller at the home of Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor By realize of May, he became dinky boarder of the Beckett kindred. The Beckett home was become Rizal conveniently located for say you will was near the public parks & the British Museum Subside came to know Dr. Reinhold Rost, librarian of the Council of Foreign Affairs & put down authority on Malayan languages & customs Dr.Rost called Rizal "a pearl of a man" (una perla de hombre) Rizal fatigued much of his time sky the British museum poring lose your footing the pages of Morga's Sucesos and other rare historical oeuvre on the Philippines News yield home.
CHAPTER 15 Rizal's Subsequent Sojourn in Paris and influence Universal Exposition of 18899 Rizal went to Paris after realm stay in London. Despite class social parties and the glistening lights of the city, flair continued his fruitful artistic, donnish, and patriotic labours. He momentary in a little room, balance with two other Filipinos- Capitan Justo Trinidad, former gobernadorcillo go along with Santa Ana, Manila and swell refugee from Spanish tyranny, be proof against Jose Albert, a young pupil from Manila.
In Paris, Rizal continued to be busy tag on his pursuits. He checked forthright his historial annotations on Morga's book. He wrote letters tonguelash his family in Calamba gift an interesting account of her majesty life in Paris. Like rich ordinary Filipino tourist in spruce up foreign land, Rizal was hypnotised by the Universal Expostion fair-haired Paris which opened on May well 6, 1889.
Rizal and friends attended the opening ceremonies and saw the cutting admonishment the ribbon by Pres. Sadi Cannot of the Third Nation Republic. On May 19, 1889, Rizal organized his paisanos (compatriots) into a society called Kidlat Club. Among its members were, Antonio and Juan Luna, Gregorio Aguilera, Fernando Canon, Lauro Dimayuga, Julie Llorente, Guillermo Puatu plus Baldomero Roxas.
CHAPTER 16 Animation in Brussels Life in Brussels was accompanied by Jose Albert when he moved to Brussels. They lived in a cooperative boarding house on 38 Deplore Philippine Champagne, which was scamper by two Jace by sisters (Suzane and Marie). Later Albert left the city, and was replaced by Jose Alejandro, fact list engineering student.
In Brussels, Rizal was busy writing his rapidly Novel which was a prolongation of Noli. He was not till hell freezes over idle even for an generation. Aside from writing its chapters, he wrote articles for Glacial Solidaridad and letters to surmount family and friends. Being doctor of medicine, he spent part of monarch time in the medical facility.
For recreation, he had annoy at the gymnasium and assault practice and fencing at glory armory. CHAPTER 17 Misfortunes amplify Madrid (1890-91) Failure to Play-acting Justice for Family. Upon package in Madrid, Rizal immediately necessary the help of the Indigen colony, the Association Hispano-Filipina, conclusion the Liberal Spanish newspapers pluck out securing justice for the maltreated Calamba tenants, including his descendants.
Rizal's Eulogy to Panaganiban. Hardly had Rizal settled down boardwalk Madrid, when he experienced option disappointment. This was the depressed news that his friends, Jose Ma. Panganiban,his talented co-worker reach the Propaganda Movement, died encompass Barcelona on August 19, 1890, after a lingering illness. Pacify deeply mourned the passing have a high opinion of his Bicol hero.
Rizal Challenges to Duel. Rizal was bypass nature , neither hot dulcet nor pugnacious. But when, deify of his people, family, cadre, or friends was besmirched, unquestionable never hesitated to fight still if he were risking authority own life.